The Rational Clinical Examination
David L. Simel, Drummond Rennie
Dementia
Tracey Holsinger, Janie Deveau, Malaz Boustani, John W. Williams, Jr
Apraxia refers to the inability to perform a motor task despite intact motor function....
Topics Discussed:
agnosia, alzheimer's disease, aphasia, apraxias, cognition disorders, delirium, dementia, diagnostic process, executive functioning, memory disorders, memory impairment, minimal cognitive impairment, questionnaires
Excerpt:
"Dementia is a prevalent problem. Depending on how cases are defined,
estimates of dementia prevalence can range from 2.4 million to 4.5
million individuals in the United States.1-4 In
addition, many older adults notice difficulty with memory and other
cognitive functioning.Dementia describes multiple cognitive
deficits that include memory impairment and at least 1 of the following
cognitive disturbances: agnosia, aphasia, apraxia, or a disturbance
in executive functioning. The deficits that make up dementia can
be diagnosed clinically. The deficits must be sufficient to cause
functional impairment in home or work life and must represent a
decline from previous functioning. A criterion standard diagnosis
is established by a structured interview that follows the criteria
outlined by the Diagnostic and Statistical
Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) (Box
63-1).22..."
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