The Rational Clinical Examination
David L. Simel, Drummond Rennie
Heart Failure
Robert G. Badgett, Catherine R. Lucey, Najib Ayas, Sheri Keitz
Make the Diagnosis: Heart Failure
Topics Discussed:
congestive heart failure, criterion standard comparisons (diagnostic tests), heart failure, likelihood ratio, make the diagnosis, prior probability, ventricular dysfunction, left
Excerpt:
"A broad range of prior probabilities (10%-40%)
is required for clinical decisions, with outpatients who have suggestive
symptoms at the lower end of the range and inpatients toward the
upper end. The patient with dyspnea who presents to the emergency
department without an obvious cause for dyspnea has about a 50% probability
of left ventricular dysfunction (range, 34%-83%)...."
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